An Electrician's Advice: Avoid Extension Cords for These 7 Appliances

Extension cords can be a convenient power solution when devices are far from outlets. However, they are primarily meant for electronic devices, and not all electronics are created equal.

While appliances like refrigerators and toaster ovens are electronic, they require much more power than typical gadgets, due to their high amperage needs.

The Dangers of Overloading Extension Cords

Extension cords have a maximum capacity dictated by the wire's size, known as its gauge. For example, a 16-gauge cord can handle up to 13 amps, whereas a 14-gauge one can manage 15 amps, equivalent to a standard US outlet.

If an appliance draws more electricity than the cord can manage, it might overheat, leading to the insulation melting, wires being exposed, and potentially starting a fire.

Appliances drawing over 1,800 watts should always have their own dedicated circuit. Here are seven household items best directly connected to an outlet.

Refrigerators: A Constant Power Demand

Refrigerators, unlike some appliances, operate continuously. Although they typically use less wattage because they lack heating elements, connecting them via an extension cord can cause power instability and malfunctions.

Toasters and Toaster Ovens: Small but Mighty

Toasters and toaster ovens, despite their size, require significant energy. Toaster ovens, in particular, can demand 1,200 to 1,400 watts, making them a fire risk if plugged into an extension cord. Always use a direct wall outlet.

Air Fryers: The Modern Kitchen Must-Have

Beloved for reheating crispy foods, air fryers necessitate high heat and can consume up to 2,000 watts. This places them among high-risk items for extension cords or power strips. For safety, connect them directly to a wall outlet.

To avoid dangers, it’s best to use them directly on the counter, even if it means taking them out only during use.

Microwaves: Too Powerful for Shared Circuits

Microwaves also require a dedicated circuit due to their high wattage. Smaller models might use 600 to 800 watts, whereas typical home units range from 800 to 1,000 watts. Use a GFCI outlet for safety when space-reserved circuits aren't available.

Air Conditioners: Significant Energy Consumers

Air conditioners, whether portable or window units, need too much power for cords and strips. Before installation, use a BTU calculator online to assess the appropriate unit for your space. Remember, cooling a space like a 150 square-foot room needs 6,500 BTU or 1,905 watts, unsuitable for extension cord use.

Space Heaters: High-Risk Heating Devices

Space heaters, appreciated for rapid heating, are among the riskiest for starting fires, as per the CPSC. Most operate at 5,120 BTUs per hour, capable of overheating cords. Therefore, it's vital to connect them directly to outlets.

Extension Cords: Not Meant for Chaining

It's tempting to chain extension cords, but this practice can cause the circuit to overheat, leading to a cord fire. While cords aren’t appliances, the risk of using them incorrectly is significant. As a rule, never exceed 15 amps (1,800 watts) with any extension-connected device.