Legislation Could Allow Autonomous Cars in New York State

While self-driving services from tech giants like Alphabet and Amazon are gradually spreading across the United States, one major state has remained largely silent on the matter.

As the fourth most populous state, New York maintains some of the most stringent rules regarding autonomous vehicles. Current regulations mandate that vehicles in testing must have a human driver present, and there is no framework in place to support the wider operation of autonomous taxi services akin to those in cities like San Francisco or Las Vegas.

However, changes may be on the horizon. Governor Kathy Hochul has announced plans to propose legislation that would revise New York's standing regulations, potentially allowing companies to commence limited autonomous vehicle services in certain cities across the state. The governor's office has confirmed that pilot robotaxi initiatives will only proceed if companies can demonstrate strong local support and a solid safety track record. These initiatives would not extend to New York City.

Governor Hochul highlighted the dual benefits of the program, stating that it aims to enhance road safety and broaden transportation options outside of New York City. State agencies will reportedly ensure that these trials meet the highest safety standards available.

Looking Ahead: Transition from Pilots to Commercial Operations

Even if approved, the legislation leaves some questions unanswered, particularly about the pathway from restricted pilot programs to full-scale commercial operations, similar to those managed by Waymo in the Bay Area. Details on advancing to full commercial services statewide remain forthcoming, according to the governor’s office.

New York City, America's largest urban area, has its own set of challenges. Though Waymo holds a permit for testing eight vehicles in Manhattan and Brooklyn, the cars must have a safety driver and aren't allowed to transport passengers. This permit is set to expire soon, in March.

Potential Impact of New Legislation

If passed, this legislative change would represent a significant advancement for companies developing autonomous vehicles, who have considered densely populated states like New York as prime opportunities for initiating commercial robotaxi operations. Other states, such as California, Texas, and Arizona, have already enacted clear legal frameworks that guide technology companies from initial testing phases to scalable commercial services.

Financial records indicate that Waymo spent over $370,000 last year on lobbying efforts with New York State officials concerning transportation issues. The company is currently operational without safety drivers in cities including Phoenix, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Austin, and Atlanta, with plans to expand to additional locations this year.