The Elusive Quest for a Plastic Pollution Treaty—Why Delays Might Be Beneficial

Global efforts to draft an effective treaty against plastic pollution have been ongoing, with 184 countries convening in Geneva for discussions. Yet, once more, they left without a binding agreement.

Surprisingly, this lack of resolution may actually be a strategic advantage. While many had hoped for a 2024 deadline, missing it might prevent an inadequate treaty from being rushed through. Disagreements primarily arose over proposals to eliminate hazardous substances used in plastics and to cap overall production. Instead of broad limitations, countries heavily invested in plastics, like the US and Russia, opted to focus solely on waste management and recycling, leading to a stalemate.

A Call for Radical Change

Panamanian delegate Juan Carlos Monterrey Gómez emphasized in a press briefing as talks concluded, “Our mission extends beyond attaining an agreement—we aim to eradicate plastic pollution entirely.”

Since the mid-20th century, plastic production has surged, hitting an alarming 475 million metric tons annually by 2022. This marks the year when UN member nations committed to crafting a legally enforceable plastic pollution treaty.

Concerns persist as plastics, formed from fossil fuels and over 16,000 chemicals, infiltrate the environment, human bodies, and necessitate caution among health advocates urging action from policymakers.

Questioning Recycling as a Solution

Scrutiny has intensified around the recycling industry, accused of perpetuating a misleading narrative. The state of California has even taken legal action against ExxonMobil for alleged deceptive practices. Alarmingly, less than 10% of plastic waste is successfully recycled. The recycling process is not only cost-prohibitive but also often requires supplementing with new plastic, fueling further production.

As Egyptian waste management expert Mohamed Kamal articulated, “Recycling responds to, rather than prevents, waste generation. Prevention should be prioritized over reactive measures.”

Broadening the Scope of Negotiations

A coalition of over 70 countries, spearheaded by Norway and Rwanda, advocates addressing the complete lifecycle of plastics, particularly curtailing production. Though not yet scheduled, subsequent negotiation rounds are anticipated to happen either later this year or the next.

Jo Banner, who co-founded The Descendants Project, shares heightened emotions from these proceedings due to her advocacy for Louisiana’s 'cancer alley,' a frontline community suffering from pollution-related health risks. The area’s approximately 200 industrial sites contribute to health disparities, especially among Black and impoverished populations.

Banner maintains that it is preferable to forgo a treaty entirely than to accept one that neglects the severe health implications associated with plastic production. “Although it might seem like a setback,” she said, “we’ve succeeded in showcasing our communities on a global platform.”