Salmon Decline Puts Puget Sound Orcas under Threat

The majestic orcas gliding beneath the waters of Washington's Puget Sound represent one of the most awe-inspiring and endangered animal populations.

Long-time wildlife conservationists Stefanie Stockwell and Mindy Roberts joined CBS News to search for the Southern Resident killer whales. Once abundant in these specific waters, their numbers have dwindled to a mere 73.

"Their decline is tied to the dwindling availability of their primary nourishment, the Chinook salmon," explained Roberts. "Habitat degradation has caused a decline in salmon populations." Roberts holds the position of Puget Sound program director at Washington Conservation Action, while Stockwell advocates for clean water with Communities for a Healthy Bay in Tacoma.

Recently classified as an endangered species, the Chinook salmon, or King salmon, plays a critical role in the survival of the killer whales. Both species, along with their habitats, receive protection under the Endangered Species Act, which interprets harm as more than just physical injury—it includes environmental damage, affecting their living, feeding, and breeding areas.

An alteration in the definition of harm, removing habitat damage from its scope, could permit industrial activities like logging and mining in sensitive areas.

Lance Winecka, at the helm of the South Puget Sound Salmon Enhancement Group, has been striving to enhance salmon breeding grounds at South Prairie Creek.

"Without adequate federal support for these projects, salmon chances for recovery dwindle," remarked Winecka. Such support shortfalls not only threaten salmon but could also impact other species dependent on them for sustenance, like orcas and bald eagles. The latter's resurgence is one of the remarkable achievements of the Endangered Species Act.

Art Wang, a regional National Audubon Society director, warned, "Challenges persist for bald eagles, with issues including declining fish and salmon stocks." Discussing the potential removal of habitat from harm's definition, Wang cautioned about the possible species decline.

Despite prevalent challenges, conservationists continue to foster hope.

Roberts emphasized the importance of sustaining recovery efforts. "After over two decades in Tacoma, I've witnessed positive changes. Preserving momentum, especially for habitats needing long-term care, is crucial," she noted.